Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)

The DSM-5 criteria for Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), also known as depression, are as follows:

1. Depressed Mood

Depressed mood most of the day, nearly every day.

2. Diminished Interest or Pleasure

Markedly diminished interest or pleasure in almost all activities most of the day, nearly every day.

3. Weight Loss or Gain

Significant weight loss or gain, or a decrease or increase in appetite nearly every day.

More Detail

4. Sleep Problems

Insomnia or hypersomnia nearly every day.

More Detail

5. Unintentional Physical Activity

Psychomotor agitation or retardation nearly every day.

More Detail

6. Loss of Energy

Fatigue or loss of energy nearly every day.

More Detail

7. Feelings of Worthlessness and Guilt

Feelings of worthlessness or excessive or inappropriate guilt nearly every day.

More Detail

8. Poor Concentration, or Indecisiveness

Diminished ability to think or concentrate, or indecisiveness, nearly every day.

More Detail

9. Suicidal Thoughts

Recurrent thoughts of death, recurrent suicidal ideation without a specific plan, or a suicide attempt or a specific plan for committing suicide.

More Detail

1. Depressed Mood

This criterion refers to a persistent and pervasive feeling of sadness or a low mood that lasts for a significant portion of the day, occurring on most days. It is a core symptom of major depressive disorder. The term "depressed mood" encompasses feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and a general sense of emotional heaviness.

To meet this criterion, an individual must consistently experience this depressed mood over an extended period. It's important to note that the duration, intensity, and impact on daily functioning are considered when diagnosing major depressive disorder.

If someone is consistently experiencing a depressed mood, it is advisable for them to seek professional help from a mental health provider for a comprehensive assessment and appropriate support or treatment. Depressive symptoms can vary in severity, and a mental health professional can help determine the most suitable course of action based on an individual's unique circumstances.

2. Diminished Interest or Pleasure

This criterion refers to a significant decrease in interest or enjoyment in activities that the individual previously found pleasurable or engaging. It involves a pervasive and enduring lack of interest in almost all aspects of life, and this diminished interest persists for a substantial portion of the day, occurring on most days.

Key points related to this criterion:

Marked Decrease in Interest or Pleasure: The individual experiences a notable reduction in the enjoyment derived from activities that were once pleasurable.

Almost All Activities: This decrease in interest is not limited to specific activities but extends across a broad range of interests and pursuits.

Most of the Day, Nearly Every Day: The diminished interest or pleasure is a persistent and recurring experience, happening for a significant duration on a daily basis.